{"id":1575,"date":"2026-10-06T16:58:24","date_gmt":"2026-10-06T08:58:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/topbrakeparts.com\/?p=1575"},"modified":"2026-10-06T16:58:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T08:58:24","slug":"dia-phanh-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/topbrakeparts.com\/vi\/what-is-a-brake-rotor\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u0129a phanh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3."},"content":{"rendered":"

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Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u0129a phanh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u0129a phanh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u0129a kim lo\u1ea1i quay c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u00e1nh xe v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00e1 phanh, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a xe th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t. Nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u0129a phanh l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng sai, tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n

\"\u0110\u0129a
\u0110\u0129a phanh<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7 hai r\u00f4to phanh tr\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau tr\u00ean k\u1ec7 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i xe kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng quay l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p phanh rung gi\u1eadt hai th\u00e1ng sau khi thay phanh. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, dung sai v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi tr\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 r\u00f4to phanh, c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eeba v\u1eb7n, \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 rung l\u1eafc (DTV), d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 r\u00f4to, khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf, c\u00e1ch m\u00e1 phanh v\u00e0 r\u00f4to ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng nhau, c\u00e1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra r\u00f4to, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn r\u00f4to thay th\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t r\u00f4to phanh, v\u00e0 khi chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n gia c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00eau r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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01<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u0129a phanh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
\"\u0110\u0129a
\u0110\u0129a phanh \u0111\u1eb7c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0110\u0129a phanh, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 r\u00f4to phanh, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft v\u00edt gi\u1eefa moay \u1ed1c b\u00e1nh xe v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh xe. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe phanh, k\u1eb9p phanh s\u1ebd \u00e9p hai m\u00e1 phanh v\u00e0o hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to, v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c ma s\u00e1t l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm b\u00e1nh xe.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, r\u00f4to phanh tr\u00ean \u00f4 t\u00f4 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u0129a l\u1edbn m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y qua c\u00e1c nan hoa c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0nh h\u1ee3p kim. R\u00f4to phanh tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi nh\u00ecn c\u1eadn c\u1ea3nh? M\u1ed9t r\u00f4to phanh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a xe h\u01a1i ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u0129a gang c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 250\u2013350 mm, v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m nh\u00f4 cao (ph\u1ea7n \u201cm\u0169\u201d) ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 b\u1eaft bu l\u00f4ng. V\u00f2ng ngo\u00e0i ph\u1eb3ng l\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t. Tr\u00ean r\u00f4to c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t. R\u00f4to m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u0169 v\u00e0 m\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u0110\u0129a phanh n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/h3>\n

\"\u0110\u0129a<\/p>\n

\u0110\u0129a phanh n\u1eb1m ngay ph\u00eda sau b\u00e1nh xe, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn tr\u00ean moay \u1ed1c b\u00e1nh xe. C\u00e1c bu l\u00f4ng b\u00e1nh xe xuy\u00ean qua ph\u1ea7n m\u0169 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a phanh, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u0129a phanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1eb9p gi\u1eefa moay \u1ed1c v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh xe khi si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111ai \u1ed1c b\u00e1nh xe. B\u1ed9 k\u1eb9p phanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o kh\u1edbp l\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m v\u1eaft ngang m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a phanh.<\/p>\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng phanh \u0111\u0129a \u1edf tr\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nhi\u1ec1u xe c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng phanh \u0111\u0129a \u1edf tr\u1ee5c sau, trong khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 xe h\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9 v\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng phanh tang tr\u1ed1ng \u1edf ph\u00eda sau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u0129a phanh sau c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tang tr\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf b\u00ean trong v\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng cho phanh tay, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf tang tr\u1ed1ng trong v\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

\u0110\u0129a phanh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n
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\u0110\u0129a phanh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng g\u00ec? Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 ba nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

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  1. Cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t.<\/strong> R\u00f4to cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u00e1 phanh m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1eb9p ch\u1eb7t \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda.<\/li>\n
  2. H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t.<\/strong> G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng phanh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o r\u00f4to tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ea3i ra kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n
  3. Gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/strong> R\u00f4to ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t khi n\u00f3 n\u00f3ng l\u00ean, ngu\u1ed9i \u0111i v\u00e0 b\u1ecb m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y rung \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 r\u00f4to b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. R\u00f4to v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap xe d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u1ebfu h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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    02<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u0110\u0129a phanh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

    C\u00e1ch m\u00e1 phanh k\u1eb9p v\u00e0o \u0111\u0129a phanh<\/h3>\n

    \u0110\u0129a phanh v\u00e0 k\u1eb9p phanh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra, t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n

    \n
      \n
    1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe nh\u1ea5n b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p phanh, v\u00e0 xi lanh ch\u00ednh s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cho d\u1ea7u phanh.<\/li>\n
    2. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng k\u1eb9p phanh ra ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n
    3. \u1ede lo\u1ea1i k\u1eb9p phanh n\u1ed5i, piston \u0111\u1ea9y m\u00e1 phanh trong \u00e1p s\u00e1t v\u00e0o r\u00f4to, v\u00e0 th\u00e2n k\u1eb9p phanh tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o m\u00e1 phanh ngo\u00e0i \u00e1p s\u00e1t v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. \u1ede lo\u1ea1i k\u1eb9p phanh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, piston \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3 hai m\u00e1 phanh c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/li>\n
    4. C\u00e1c m\u00e1 phanh k\u1eb9p ch\u1eb7t r\u00f4to t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng nhau, v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to song song v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thanh tr\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee7a k\u1eb9p phanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do.<\/li>\n
    5. Khi nh\u1ea3 b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p, c\u00e1c m\u00e1 phanh s\u1ebd gi\u00e3n ra v\u00e0 r\u00f4to quay t\u1ef1 do tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      V\u00ec m\u00e1 phanh k\u1eb9p c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, n\u00ean hai m\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3i song song v\u1edbi nhau. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to d\u00e0y h\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c, m\u00e1 phanh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y ra xa nhau v\u00e0 k\u00e9o l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nhau trong m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng quay. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng rung gi\u1eadt \u1edf b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      Ma s\u00e1t chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n

      Phanh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng. M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc SUV n\u1eb7ng 2.000 kg di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 100 km\/h mang theo kho\u1ea3ng 770 kJ \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c d\u1eebng h\u1eb3n s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u1eefa m\u00e1 phanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a phanh v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u0129a phanh, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u0129a phanh c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi m\u00e1 phanh.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a phanh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, th\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfm 60\u201370% l\u1ef1c phanh tr\u00ean xe h\u01a1i ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch, v\u00ec tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh phanh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u0129a phanh tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, d\u00e0y h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to<\/h3>\n

      R\u00f4to t\u00edch tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t trong kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5c. R\u00f4to c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i b\u01a1m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed qua c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t khi quay, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi r\u00f4to \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

      \n

      D\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u00e0nh \u2014 SAE International:<\/p>\n

      M\u1ed8T Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a SAE v\u1ec1 r\u00f4to phanh b\u1eb1ng gang.<\/a> b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u00f4to tr\u00ean 700\u00b0C<\/span> Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh phanh \u0111\u0129a t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 xe t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 xe h\u01a1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 do nhi\u1ec7t g\u00e2y ra t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng 15%<\/span> Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, m\u00e1 phanh b\u1ecb m\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a phanh b\u1ecb m\u00f2n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t phanh kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u0129a phanh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1 phanh k\u1eb9p v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

      Ngu\u1ed3n: JP Coyle & PHS Tsang, T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt SAE s\u1ed1 830534, SAE International.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. M\u1ed9t r\u00f4to qu\u00e1 nh\u1eb9, qu\u00e1 m\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m m\u00e1t k\u00e9m cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n, m\u00f2n nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00f2n m\u00e1 phanh nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

      \n
      \n

      03<\/span><\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a phanh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

      C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to phanh bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t, v\u00e0nh v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp tr\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t (tr\u00ean r\u00f4to c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i), v\u00e0 m\u00e9p r\u00f4to v\u1edbi v\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u. B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 r\u00f4to phanh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o trong.<\/p>\n

      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to<\/th>\nN\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/th>\nCh\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3<\/th>\nNh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t<\/td>\nV\u00f2ng ngo\u00e0i, c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t<\/td>\nV\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ee7a mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 song song, \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      C\u00e1nh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t<\/td>\nGi\u1eefa hai m\u1eb7t (ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3)<\/td>\nB\u01a1m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>\nLo\u1ea1i c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t (th\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng), ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00fac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M\u0169 c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t<\/td>\nPh\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao<\/td>\nK\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00f2ng ma s\u00e1t v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c<\/td>\nChi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh m\u0169<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      M\u1eb7t l\u1eafp tr\u1ee5c<\/td>\nM\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc m\u0169<\/td>\nGh\u1ebf n\u1eb1m ph\u1eb3ng s\u00e1t tr\u1ee5c b\u00e1nh xe<\/td>\nB\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, gia c\u00f4ng s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u01a1n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      L\u1ed7 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 bu l\u00f4ng<\/td>\nTrung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc m\u0169<\/td>\nX\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed r\u00f4to tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c b\u00e1nh xe.<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 khoan, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bu l\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00f2ng bu l\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      C\u1ea1nh r\u00f4to v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u<\/td>\nVi\u1ec1n ngo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c m\u0169<\/td>\nC\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ebft c\u1eaft, m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, T\u1ed0I THI\u1ec2U TH<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u00e3 l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
      <\/div>\n

      B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t<\/h3>\n

      B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to. Tr\u00ean r\u00f4to \u0111\u1eb7c, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m \u0111\u00fac nguy\u00ean kh\u1ed1i; tr\u00ean r\u00f4to c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i, n\u00f3 g\u1ed3m hai t\u1ea5m, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00e1 r\u00f4to, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ph\u1eb3ng, c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t song song v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp tr\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00f4 r\u00e1p, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ebft gia c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i m\u00f2n, trong khi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e1 nh\u1eb5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m kh\u00f3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbp truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/p>\n

      H\u00e3y ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 song song (s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y), \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch ngang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb5n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 "c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng".\u201c<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/div>\n

      N\u1eafp r\u00f4to v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp tr\u1ee5c<\/h3>\n

      Ph\u1ea7n nh\u00f4 l\u00ean \u1edf gi\u1eefa, c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 "m\u0169", n\u1ed1i v\u00f2ng ma s\u00e1t v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c. Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng ma s\u00e1t so v\u1edbi k\u1eb9p phanh. M\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a "m\u0169" l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp tr\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c, v\u00ec b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 sai s\u00f3t n\u00e0o \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n l\u00ean \u1edf c\u1ea1nh ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua<\/p>\n

      B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7n s\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3. L\u1edbp s\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 d\u00e0y tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/div>\n

      C\u00e1nh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t<\/h3>\n

      Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c r\u00f4to c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i, c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00ean trong k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i hai t\u1ea5m ma s\u00e1t. C\u00e1c c\u00e1nh d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eb3ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t r\u00f4to c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafp \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean c\u1ee7a xe. C\u00e1c c\u00e1nh d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng (cong) b\u01a1m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m cho r\u00f4to ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf m\u1ed9t b\u00ean, v\u00ec v\u1eady r\u00f4to b\u00ean tr\u00e1i l\u1eafp \u1edf b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u00e1t k\u00e9m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed1t thay v\u00ec c\u00e1nh d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u00f4to c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng, h\u00e3y x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng b\u00ean tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng tr\u00ean h\u1ed9p.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/div>\n

      V\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u00e9p r\u00f4to v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/h3>\n

      H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c r\u00f4to phanh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00fac l\u00e0 \u201cMIN TH\u201d theo sau l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u201cMIN TH 26.0 mm\u201d. K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u1ea7n m\u0169 ho\u1eb7c m\u00e9p c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y m\u1ecfng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 r\u00f4to c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. D\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, r\u00f4to c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1 \u00edt \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c khi\u1ebfn piston k\u1eb9p phanh b\u1ecb gi\u00e3n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

      B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft c\u1eaft nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea1nh ngo\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft c\u1eaft c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to sao cho n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra rung \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

      \n
      \n

      04<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0110\u0129a phanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

      \u0110\u0129a phanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u g\u00ec? H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a phanh c\u1ee7a xe h\u01a1i v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb gang x\u00e1m. Gang cacbon cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ee9t do nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00f2n gang cacbon-g\u1ed1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n

      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u00f4to<\/th>\nC\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n\u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh<\/th>\nH\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/th>\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Gang x\u00e1m<\/td>\nThan ch\u00ec d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea3y trong ma tr\u1eadn s\u1eaft<\/td>\nKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t, gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5n t\u1ed1t, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, d\u1ec5 gia c\u00f4ng.<\/td>\nN\u1eb7ng; b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/td>\nH\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c xe ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Gang th\u00e9p cacbon cao<\/td>\nH\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon c\u00e0ng cao, c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u than ch\u00ec.<\/td>\nKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n (\u00eam \u00e1i h\u01a1n), kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t do nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n.<\/td>\nPh\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf cao c\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eabu xe ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 xe h\u1ea1ng sang.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      G\u1ed1m cacbon<\/td>\nS\u1ee3i carbon trong ma tr\u1eadn cacbua silic<\/td>\nR\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9, ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao.<\/td>\nChi ph\u00ed r\u1ea5t cao, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/td>\n\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao v\u00e0 si\u00eau xe<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
      <\/div>\n

      Gang x\u00e1m<\/h3>\n

      Gang x\u00e1m c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 do b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t g\u00e3y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u x\u00e1m, g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh graphit trong gang. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh graphit n\u00e0y gi\u00fap r\u00f4to d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, gi\u1ea3m rung \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ec1n, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ebb v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho r\u00f4to.<\/p>\n

      Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon, silic v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng graphit \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      Gang th\u00e9p cacbon cao<\/h3>\n

      \u0110\u0129a phanh h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon cao s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gang c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng than ch\u00ec b\u1ed5 sung gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5n, gi\u1ea3m ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n khi phanh v\u00e0 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ee9t do nhi\u1ec7t khi phanh g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00f4 t\u00f4 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u0129a phanh h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon cao tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eabu xe m\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua<\/p>\n

      N\u1ebfu r\u00f4to nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon cao, h\u00e3y h\u1ecfi xem r\u00f4to thay th\u1ebf c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ghi r\u00f5 m\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ki\u1ec3m tra.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/div>\n

      R\u00f4to g\u1ed1m carbon<\/h3>\n

      \u0110\u0129a phanh g\u1ed1m-carbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb s\u1ee3i carbon gia c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng cacbua silic. Ch\u00fang nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi \u0111\u0129a phanh s\u1eaft v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n m\u00e1 phanh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Ch\u00fang hi\u1ebfm khi n\u1eb1m trong danh m\u1ee5c ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/p>\n

      H\u00e3y n\u00eau r\u00f5 m\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: gang x\u00e1m theo m\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, ho\u1eb7c gang cacbon cao n\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng), ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed7i l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng. Ch\u1ec9 ghi \u201cgang\u201d th\u00f4i th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

      \n
      \n

      05<\/span><\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u0129a phanh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

      C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u0129a phanh ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c, \u0111\u0129a c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i, \u0111\u0129a khoan r\u00e3nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a phanh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u0129a c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u01a1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Lo\u1ea1i r\u00f4to<\/th>\nS\u1ef1 thi c\u00f4ng<\/th>\n\u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh<\/th>\nS\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i<\/th>\nV\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn<\/td>\nT\u1ea5m \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n<\/td>\n\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p<\/td>\nKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/td>\nTr\u1ee5c sau, xe c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3<\/td>\nHai t\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t.<\/td>\nKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng phai m\u00e0u t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/td>\nN\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n, d\u00e0y h\u01a1n, c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian h\u01a1n.<\/td>\nTr\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c xe \u00f4 t\u00f4, c\u1ea3 hai tr\u1ee5c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Khoan v\u00e0 x\u1ebb r\u00e3nh<\/td>\nC\u00e1c l\u1ed7 v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c r\u00e3nh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/td>\nLo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n, ki\u1ec3u d\u00e1ng th\u1ec3 thao.<\/td>\nC\u00e1c l\u1ed7 khoan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao; d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f2n m\u00e1 phanh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/td>\nN\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7<\/td>\nL\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u00ean m\u0169, v\u00e0nh m\u0169 v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t.<\/td>\nKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n<\/td>\nChi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n<\/td>\nB\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
      <\/div>\n

      \u0110\u0129a phanh \u0111\u1eb7c<\/h3>\n
      \"\u0110\u0129a
      \u0110\u0129a phanh \u0111\u1eb7c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

      \u0110\u0129a phanh \u0111\u1eb7c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m gang \u0111\u00fac nguy\u00ean kh\u1ed1i. N\u00f3 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eb9 cho tr\u1ee5c sau v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ebb. \u0110\u0129a phanh \u0111\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf ph\u00eda sau xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch, n\u01a1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phanh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00edt h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 xe nh\u1ecf, nh\u1eb9.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      \u0110\u0129a phanh th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3<\/h3>\n
      \"\u0110\u0129a
      \u0110\u0129a phanh th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

      R\u00f4to th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u00f4to \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb hai t\u1ea5m ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1edfi c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t b\u00ean trong. Khi r\u00f4to quay, c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh n\u00e0y b\u01a1m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1eeb t\u00e2m ra ngo\u00e0i, mang nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i. R\u00f4to th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 l\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u xe SUV v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u0110\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eeba v\u1eb7n, h\u00e3y xem h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1... \u0110\u0129a phanh \u0111\u1eb7c so v\u1edbi \u0111\u0129a phanh c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/div>\n

      R\u00f4to khoan v\u00e0 x\u1ebb r\u00e3nh<\/h3>\n
      \"R\u00f4to
      R\u00f4to khoan v\u00e0 x\u1ebb r\u00e3nh<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

      \u0110\u0129a phanh khoan l\u1ed7 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 xuy\u00ean qua b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t; \u0111\u0129a phanh r\u00e3nh c\u00f3 c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh n\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c r\u00e3nh gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf x\u0103ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n m\u00e1 phanh, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a phanh. Tr\u00ean xe h\u01a1i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng phanh trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 khoan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u cho c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n m\u00e1 phanh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u01a1n nh\u1eb5n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      \u0110\u0129a phanh ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp<\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c r\u00f4to \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 k\u1ebdm d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea3y ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e0u k\u1ebdm, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean ph\u1ea7n m\u0169, m\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u00f2n trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n phanh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa r\u00f4to \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 r\u00f4to kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do \u0103n m\u00f2n: ph\u1ea7n m\u0169 v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 c\u1ea3 khi nh\u00ecn trong h\u1ed9p v\u00e0 tr\u00ean xe, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00edt c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c n\u1ebfu g\u1ec9 s\u00e9t t\u00edch t\u1ee5 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m:<\/p>\n

      Trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1ec1 r\u00f4to xe h\u01a1i ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 so s\u00e1nh 12 m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 12 m\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phun mu\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i... 35\u00b0C<\/span> v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t 5%<\/span> Dung d\u1ecbch NaCl. G\u1ec9 s\u00e9t m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c m\u0169 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u00ean trong. 24 gi\u1edd<\/span>, Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng cho th\u1ea5y l\u1edbp g\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 sau \u0111\u00f3. 96 gi\u1edd<\/span>. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c r\u00f4to thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3 tu\u00e2n theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p phun mu\u1ed1i trung t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong ISO 9227<\/a>, Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y quy \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dung d\u1ecbch natri clorua 5% \u1edf 35\u00b0C \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n. T\u1ea1i B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, lo\u1ea1i th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3... ASTM B117<\/a>, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb phun s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Tr\u00ean \u0110\u01a1n \u0110\u1eb7t H\u00e0ng<\/p>\n

      N\u1ebfu l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 (m\u0169, m\u00e9p, c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t), lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd phun mu\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 9227 ho\u1eb7c ASTM B117, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 sau X gi\u1edd\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

      \n
      \n

      06<\/span><\/p>\n

      K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a phanh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

      Hai r\u00f4to c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i milimet \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, chi\u1ec1u cao ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 khoan c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn r\u00f4to kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp, \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00f2ng ma s\u00e1t l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed so v\u1edbi k\u1eb9p phanh, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn rung \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc<\/th>\nN\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u1eefng g\u00ec<\/th>\nC\u00e1ch \u0111o<\/th>\nN\u00ean vi\u1ebft g\u00ec tr\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng?<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 kh\u00edt c\u1ee7a k\u1eb9p phanh, l\u1ef1c phanh<\/td>\nD\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1eb9p ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2y \u0111o chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng mm, dung sai<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y r\u00f4to<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 kh\u00edt c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1eb9p, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>\nTh\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o micromet t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y danh ngh\u0129a, MIN TH, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3<\/td>\nV\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00f2ng ma s\u00e1t so v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1eb9p<\/td>\nTh\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/td>\nChi\u1ec1u cao (mm), dung sai<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      L\u1ed7 trung t\u00e2m<\/td>\nT\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5c<\/td>\nTh\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1eb9p b\u00ean trong ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 khoan (mm)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ki\u1ec3u b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed bu l\u00f4ng<\/td>\nph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi bu l\u00f4ng b\u00e1nh xe<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ebfm s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7, \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00f2ng bu l\u00f4ng (PCD)<\/td>\nS\u1ed1 l\u1ed7 \u00d7 PCD, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
      <\/div>\n

      \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i<\/h3>\n

      \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u1eefa m\u00e1 phanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a phanh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1c phanh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u0129a phanh qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee7 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng cho k\u1eb9p phanh; \u0111\u0129a phanh qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u00e1 phanh b\u1ecb th\u1eeba ra ngo\u00e0i m\u00e9p. Nhi\u1ec1u xe cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u0111\u0129a phanh tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng sai.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y r\u00f4to<\/h3>\n

      \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y r\u00f4to m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch r\u00f4to kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi m\u00e1 phanh v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. R\u00f4to \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a xe h\u01a1i ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y kho\u1ea3ng 9\u201313 mm, trong khi r\u00f4to c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0y 20\u201332 mm.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      Chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3<\/h3>\n

      Chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao m\u0169 phanh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp moay \u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t ngo\u00e0i. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00f2ng ma s\u00e1t trong k\u1eb9p phanh. M\u1ed9t r\u00f4to c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0ng chi\u1ec1u cao kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn m\u00e1 phanh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi r\u00f4to l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c c\u1ecd x\u00e1t v\u00e0o k\u1eb9p phanh.<\/p>\n

      \n

      T\u1eeb x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i:<\/p>\n

      Trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n r\u00f4to tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho SUV h\u1eadu m\u00e3i n\u0103m 2026, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gia c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 312 \u00d7 25 mm<\/span> r\u00f4to th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 46,30 \u00b1 0,15 mm<\/span>. Trong \u0111\u1ee3t ki\u1ec3m tra 80 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, 5 r\u00f4to<\/span> \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng 46,47\u201346,52 mm<\/span>, N\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi dung sai c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo. 120 mi\u1ebfng<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1edf m\u1ee9c 46,21 v\u00e0 46,39 mm<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf h\u1eefu \u00edch r\u1eb1ng hai r\u00f4to c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      <\/div>\n

      \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed bu l\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n

      L\u1ed7 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb r\u00f4to tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng. M\u1eabu bu l\u00f4ng l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ed7 \u0111inh t\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 PCD (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n b\u01b0\u1edbc), v\u00ed d\u1ee5 5 \u00d7 114,3 mm. C\u1ea3 hai ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edbp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t r\u00f4to c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c PCD.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/p>\n

      Khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t r\u00f4to c\u0169, h\u00e3y \u0111o c\u1ea3 n\u0103m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu. Khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u00e1c m\u00e3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi, h\u00e3y ghi r\u00f5 c\u1ea3 n\u0103m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u00f4to \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng) v\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

      \n
      \n

      07<\/span><\/p>\n

      Runout, DTV v\u00e0 rung gi\u1eadt phanh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

      Ba thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn; m\u1ed7i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1u x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n

      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/th>\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3<\/th>\nC\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng<\/th>\nNh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e0i x\u1ebf nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch ngang (LRO)<\/td>\nS\u1ef1 l\u1eafc l\u01b0 sang hai b\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t r\u00f4to khi n\u00f3 quay<\/td>\nKim ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb n\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i.<\/td>\nTh\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ban \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u0129a (DTV)<\/td>\nS\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ecfng nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\nD\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o micromet t\u1ea1i 8\u201312 \u0111i\u1ec3m xung quanh r\u00f4to.<\/td>\nRung gi\u1eadt b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p, rung l\u1eafc v\u00f4 l\u0103ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Rung gi\u1eadt phanh<\/td>\nC\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c rung l\u1eafc khi phanh<\/td>\nTh\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\nB\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p rung l\u00ean, b\u00e1nh xe l\u1eafc l\u01b0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
      <\/div>\n

      \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a phanh<\/h3>\n

      \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch ngang l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t r\u00f4to sang hai b\u00ean khi quay. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o g\u1eafn tr\u00ean kh\u1edbp n\u1ed1i, ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t c\u00e1ch m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 10\u201313 mm. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra rung \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eb1m \u1edf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 theo th\u1eddi gian: m\u1ed9t r\u00f4to b\u1ecb rung l\u1eafc s\u1ebd c\u1ecd x\u00e1t m\u00e1 phanh t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng quay, l\u00e0m m\u00f2n khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1ec1... \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a phanh: Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1ch \u0111o v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p<\/a> B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      Bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u0129a (DTV)<\/h3>\n

      DTV l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ecfng nh\u1ea5t xung quanh v\u00f2ng ma s\u00e1t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o micromet t\u1ea1i 8\u201312 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u nhau, \u1edf c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb m\u00e9p. Ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, trong ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m milim\u00e9t, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 rung gi\u1eadt, b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u00e1 phanh b\u00e1m theo \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3 qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p. \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o, xem Bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u0129a th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c (DTV): Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111o<\/a>.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng rung gi\u1eadt khi phanh v\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 "\u0111\u0129a phanh b\u1ecb cong v\u00eanh"<\/h3>\n

      Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p phanh rung gi\u1eadt, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 "\u0111\u0129a phanh b\u1ecb cong v\u00eanh". Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u0129a phanh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb cong. S\u1ef1 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y do \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m, s\u1ef1 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1 phanh ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u2014 Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 rung gi\u1eadt r\u00f4to phanh c\u1ee7a GM:<\/p>\n

      Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a GM 00-05-22-002N<\/a>, B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c xe h\u01a1i ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 xe t\u1ea3i h\u1ea1ng nh\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a GM s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 2014, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p xe \u0111\u1ed7 trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf r\u00f4to phanh. Khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e1 phanh che ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng rung gi\u1eadt khi phanh.<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p xe \u00edt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ecb "h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c do v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n" 0\u2013321 km<\/span> (0\u2013200 d\u1eb7m<\/span>GM khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb n\u00ean th\u1eed d\u1eebng xe v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 l\u1ea7n. 56\u201364 km\/h<\/span> (35\u201340 d\u1eb7m\/gi\u1edd<\/span>) v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m m\u00e1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n d\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n sang quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch r\u00f4to. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, b\u1ea3n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p xung quanh 3.200\u20138.000 km<\/span> v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0103n m\u00f2n bong tr\u00f3c lan r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

      GM c\u0169ng n\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch ngang ph\u00eda tr\u00ean 0,050 mm<\/span> (0,002 inch) s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y theo th\u1eddi gian, v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong v\u00f2ng 4.800\u201316.000 km<\/span>. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng rung gi\u1eadt khi \u0111\u1ea1p phanh kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 do "\u0111\u0129a phanh b\u1ecb cong v\u00eanh"; c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c b\u00e1nh xe, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m ngang, s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a phanh.<\/p>\n

      Ngu\u1ed3n: General Motors, D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh phanh \u0111\u0129a, Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o 00-05-22-002N, th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2013, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef b\u1edfi NHTSA.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n trong Rung gi\u1eadt khi phanh: Li\u1ec7u \u0111\u0129a phanh c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1ecb cong v\u00eanh?<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

      \n
      \n

      08<\/span><\/p>\n

      Nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf \u0111\u0129a phanh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u<\/th>\nNh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/th>\nNguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra<\/th>\nH\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Rung \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c xung \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p<\/td>\nB\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p phanh b\u1ecb gi\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c v\u00f4 l\u0103ng b\u1ecb rung khi phanh<\/td>\nDTV do \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m, c\u1eb7n b\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td>\n\u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eang tr\u1ee5c; \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00edt c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c; m\u00e0i l\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      C\u00e1c r\u00e3nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u<\/td>\nC\u00e1c v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, m\u1ed9t g\u1edd \u1edf m\u00e9p.<\/td>\nMi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m b\u1ecb m\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea9n, m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng.<\/td>\n\u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y; m\u00e0i l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu d\u00e0y h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec thay th\u1ebf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t<\/td>\nC\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng m\u00e0u xanh ho\u1eb7c s\u1eabm, v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t nh\u1ecf<\/td>\nQu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, phanh b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t<\/td>\nThay th\u1ebf; t\u00ecm nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      G\u1ec9 s\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td>\nR\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c m\u0169, r\u1ed7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/td>\nB\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt<\/td>\nL\u1edbp g\u1ec9 nh\u1eb9 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lau s\u1ea1ch; g\u1ec9 s\u00e2u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay th\u1ebf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\n\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c TH t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\nHao m\u00f2n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c do gia c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3<\/td>\nThay th\u1ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
      <\/div>\n

      Rung \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c xung \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p<\/h3>\n

      Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p phanh rung gi\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c v\u00f4 l\u0103ng b\u1ecb rung khi phanh l\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to phanh. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1edf tr\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thay th\u1ebf r\u00f4to, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t moay \u1ed1c xem c\u00f3 r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n kh\u00f4ng, \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh r\u00f4to (DTV), v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u0111ai \u1ed1c b\u00e1nh xe \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      R\u00e3nh v\u00e0 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u<\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c r\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n do c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u1ee9ng b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t gi\u1eefa m\u00e1 phanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a phanh, ho\u1eb7c do m\u00e1 phanh b\u1ecb m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ebf. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau r\u00edt khi phanh, m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng c\u1ecd x\u00e1t kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u00e1 phanh \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f2n h\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a phanh \u0111ang b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t g\u1edd n\u1ed5i \u1edf m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a phanh.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t<\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng m\u00e0u xanh lam, s\u1eabm m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c b\u00f3ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i m\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a s\u1eaft b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u00f2n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. C\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t nh\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y t\u1eeb m\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t do nhi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 r\u00f4to c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      G\u1ec9 s\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/h3>\n

      M\u1ed9t l\u1edbp g\u1ec9 m\u1ecfng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau khi tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed7 xe qua \u0111\u00eam l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng lau s\u1ea1ch sau v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n d\u1eebng xe. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc GM \u1edf tr\u00ean, khi n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c v\u1ebft r\u1ed7 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t, ho\u1eb7c khi g\u1ec9 s\u00e9t t\u00edch t\u1ee5 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5c b\u00e1nh xe v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      R\u00f4to c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u.<\/h3>\n

      M\u1ed9t r\u00f4to c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn piston k\u1eb9p phanh gi\u00e3n ra xa h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. N\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

      \n
      \n

      09<\/span><\/p>\n

      Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u0129a phanh?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

      Thay th\u1ebf r\u00f4to khi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, khi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, khi \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 rung l\u1eafc (DTV) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ho\u1eb7c khi c\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t, h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i do nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c \u0103n m\u00f2n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u00f4i khi c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd m\u00e0i l\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u00f4to. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1eafc m\u1eafc m\u00e0i l\u1ea1i r\u00f4to ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gia c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ti\u1ec7n phanh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 song song. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u00f4to c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0i l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c thay th\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a xe.<\/p>\n

      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/th>\n\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c Quan s\u00e1t<\/th>\nPh\u00e1n quy\u1ebft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y<\/td>\n\u1ede m\u1ee9c MIN TH ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, ho\u1eb7c sau khi gia c\u00f4ng.<\/td>\nThay th\u1ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      H\u01b0 h\u1ecfng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/td>\nV\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u, m\u00f4i d\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng<\/td>\nN\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p, h\u00e3y l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec thay th\u1ebf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Runout ho\u1eb7c DTV<\/td>\nTh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt xe n\u00eau tr\u00ean sau khi v\u1ec7 sinh tr\u1ee5c b\u00e1nh xe.<\/td>\nL\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch; l\u00e0m m\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      C\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng do nhi\u1ec7t<\/td>\nB\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/td>\nThay th\u1ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0102n m\u00f2n<\/td>\nC\u00e1c v\u1ebft r\u1ed7 s\u00e2u, bong tr\u00f3c, c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t b\u1ecb r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t.<\/td>\nThay th\u1ebf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
      <\/div>\n

      \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/h3>\n

      D\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o micromet \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m xung quanh r\u00f4to, c\u00e1ch m\u00e9p ngo\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 10 mm. So s\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi v\u1ea1ch MIN TH. L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i ph\u1eb3ng s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u00ec v\u1eady r\u00f4to g\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 m\u1ecfng sau khi gia c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/h3>\n

      V\u00f2ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n n\u00f4ng l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c r\u00e3nh s\u00e2u, g\u1edd l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ecb x\u01b0\u1edbc do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn m\u00e1 phanh m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n kh\u1edbp. N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c gia c\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, h\u00e3y thay th\u1ebf n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      Ch\u1ea1y qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c DTV<\/h3>\n

      Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean h\u00e3y lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ed7i \u1edf moay \u1ed1c. L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t moay \u1ed1c v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp r\u00f4to, si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111ai \u1ed1c b\u00e1nh xe theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1, v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c DTV v\u1eabn v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf r\u00f4to, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t b\u00edch moay \u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      N\u1ee9t n\u1ebb, h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i do nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c \u0103n m\u00f2n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1c m\u00e0u do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n s\u00e2u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 k\u1eb9p phanh b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t, phanh tay b\u1ecb d\u00ednh, m\u00e1 phanh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c xe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

      \n
      \n

      10<\/span><\/p>\n

      M\u00e1 phanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a phanh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

      Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u1eefa m\u00e1 phanh v\u00e0 r\u00f4to<\/h3>\n

      S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u0111\u0129a phanh v\u00e0 m\u00e1 phanh r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: m\u00e1 phanh l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ma s\u00e1t m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f2n \u0111\u0129a phanh l\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n m\u00e0 m\u00e1 phanh \u00e9p v\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p ma s\u00e1t duy nh\u1ea5t. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t phanh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e1 phanh v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u0129a phanh. Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u00fap phanh \u00eam \u00e1i v\u00e0 m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1u; ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng, ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n v\u00e0 c\u1eb7n b\u00e1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u00f4to<\/h3>\n

      M\u00e1 phanh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u0129a phanh b\u1ecb r\u00e3nh, c\u00f3 g\u1edd ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb chai, m\u00e1 phanh ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u00f4 cao l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u. Phanh s\u1ebd y\u1ebfu, m\u00e1 phanh b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n h\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u0129a phanh m\u1ed7i khi thay m\u00e1 phanh.<\/p>\n

      <\/div>\n

      L\u1edbp chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n

      Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ma s\u00e1t, m\u00e1 phanh s\u1ebd ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ma s\u00e1t m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00ean r\u00f4to. Sau \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e1 phanh s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ma s\u00e1t v\u1edbi l\u1edbp v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra ma s\u00e1t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 g\u00e2y rung \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec7m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3), nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

      \n
        \n
      1. T\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m an to\u00e0n, h\u00e3y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 8-10 l\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 60 km\/h xu\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 10 km\/h m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng h\u1eb3n.<\/li>\n
      2. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 2-3 l\u1ea7n phanh g\u1ea5p t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 80 km\/h xu\u1ed1ng 10 km\/h, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng h\u1eb3n.<\/li>\n
      3. L\u00e1i xe v\u00e0i ph\u00fat v\u00e0 phanh nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 cho phanh ngu\u1ed9i b\u1edbt.<\/li>\n
      4. Tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1p phanh m\u1ea1nh khi xe \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u00e1 phanh c\u00f2n n\u00f3ng, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1eb1n v\u1ebft v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e1 phanh l\u00ean \u0111\u0129a phanh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        <\/div>\n

        V\u00ec sao vi\u1ec7c thay m\u00e1 phanh m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u0129a phanh m\u1edbi<\/h3>\n

        Vi\u1ec7c thay m\u00e1 phanh m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n thay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u0129a phanh m\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u0129a phanh c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y m\u00e0ng phanh cho ph\u00e9p, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u00e3nh s\u00e2u, v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng do nhi\u1ec7t, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Nhi\u1ec1u xe s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn hai b\u1ed9 m\u00e1 phanh cho m\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u0129a phanh. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00ean d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00f3i quen.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

        \n
        \n

        11<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u0110\u0129a phanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

        C\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t r\u00f4to \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac, gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00eam \u00e1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hay kh\u00f4ng. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00f3m t\u1eaft; h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u201cR\u00f4to phanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\u201d. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng phanh<\/a> trang.<\/p>\n

        <\/div>\n

        \u0110\u00fac v\u00e0 Gia c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed<\/h3>\n
        \n
        \n
          \n
        1. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc:<\/strong> S\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/li>\n
        2. Khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac:<\/strong> Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, r\u00f4to \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac trong khu\u00f4n c\u00e1t. R\u00f4to c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i c\u1ea7n l\u00f5i c\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh b\u00ean trong.<\/li>\n
        3. \u0110\u00fac v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i:<\/strong> Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a than ch\u00ec.<\/li>\n
        4. V\u1ec7 sinh:<\/strong> C\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u1eb7n b\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p phun bi.<\/li>\n
        5. Gia c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed:<\/strong> M\u00e1y ti\u1ec7n CNC gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t, ph\u1ea7n m\u0169, m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 t\u00e2m. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 bu l\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khoan.<\/li>\n
        6. C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng:<\/strong> M\u1ed7i r\u00f4to \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1eaft nh\u1ecf \u1edf m\u00e9p n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
          <\/div>\n

          Ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7<\/h3>\n

          C\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng ti\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0i ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea7n m\u0169, c\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a r\u00f4to \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, trong khi c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ma s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che ch\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb m\u00f2n nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Bao b\u00ec ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 va \u0111\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

          <\/div>\n

          Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h3>\n

          M\u1ed7i l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 t\u00e2m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00f2ng bu l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 so v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i. R\u00f4to \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u tr\u00e1i\/ph\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

          <\/div>\n

          Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ed7i ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0 DTV<\/h3>\n

          \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 rung l\u1eafc (DTV) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1eafn r\u00f4to l\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5c, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean xe. ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/a> C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u0129a phanh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch ngang \u22640,03 mm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u0111\u0129a \u22640,015 mm, v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn theo t\u1eebng l\u00f4.<\/p>\n

          \n

          D\u1eef li\u1ec7u x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u00e0nh \u2014 Brembo \/ GM:<\/p>\n

          B\u00e1o c\u00e1o BRAKE \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a tin.<\/a> Brembo v\u00e0 GM \u0111\u00e3 chi h\u01a1n 1.300 gi\u1edd<\/span> v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 CAE, 850 gi\u1edd<\/span> v\u1ec1 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean m\u00e1y \u0111o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh 40.000 d\u1eb7m<\/span> qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3n n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p phanh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao cho xe t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 SUV c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a GM. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 410 \u00d7 32 mm<\/span> r\u00f4to th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3; trong m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, GM \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 42%<\/span> Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u00f4to nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phanh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u1eefu \u00edch cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u00f4to l\u1ea1i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, \u0103n m\u00f2n, rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

          Ngu\u1ed3n: B\u00e1o c\u00e1o BRAKE, d\u1eabn ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb Brembo, th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2019.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

          \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          M\u1ee5c ki\u1ec3m tra<\/th>\nD\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5<\/th>\nNh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, chi\u1ec1u cao, l\u1ed7 khoan, PCD<\/td>\nD\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o, m\u00e1y \u0111o t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 (CMM)<\/td>\nB\u00e1o c\u00e1o theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho m\u1ed7i l\u00f4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 DTV<\/td>\nMicromet, \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1<\/td>\nGi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n DTV v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch ngang<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5c<\/td>\nGi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          S\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/td>\nM\u00e1y c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng<\/td>\nGi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ed1 d\u01b0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u<\/td>\nM\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/td>\nC\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7<\/td>\nTh\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phun mu\u1ed1i (ISO 9227 \/ ASTM B117)<\/td>\nTh\u1eddi gian thi v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
          \n
          \n

          12<\/span><\/p>\n

          C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u0129a phanh thay th\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

          \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng cho xe v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u OE<\/h3>\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 1:<\/strong> X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng tin xe: n\u0103m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, h\u00e3ng, ki\u1ec3u xe, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n. L\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 VIN khi catalog hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn r\u00f4to.<\/p>\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 2:<\/strong> Ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u OE ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p. Ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00ec s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u OE s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

          <\/div>\n

          Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u00edn ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i<\/h3>\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 3:<\/strong> X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn xem r\u00f4to ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c hay c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u00f4to c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i, h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t th\u1eb3ng hay c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng. R\u00f4to c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng ri\u00eang cho b\u00ean tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

          <\/div>\n

          K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00f4to<\/h3>\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 4:<\/strong> X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed bu l\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, h\u00e3y \u0111o r\u00f4to c\u0169.<\/p>\n

          <\/div>\n

          V\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c ph\u00eda sau<\/h3>\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 5:<\/strong> X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn tr\u1ee5c. \u0110\u0129a phanh tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, d\u00e0y h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 v\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c phanh. \u0110\u0129a phanh sau th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u00eam tang tr\u1ed1ng b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 phanh tay. \u0110\u0129a phanh tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nhau kh\u00f4ng? Tr\u00ean h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i xe, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, chi\u1ec1u cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c m\u00e3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

          <\/div>\n

          Danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 mua h\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 6:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 OE ho\u1eb7c m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u1edbi m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp.<\/p>\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 7:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi, h\u00e3y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1eabu v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi r\u00f4to c\u0169 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. Ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1eabu tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u0169: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh, chi\u1ec1u cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1ed7, h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u MIN TH. M\u1ed9t m\u1eabu "tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u00fang" nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c nhau m\u1ed9t milimet v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i sai l\u1ec7ch d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

          B\u01b0\u1edbc 8:<\/strong> Ghi r\u00f5 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng:<\/p>\n

          \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Tr\u01b0\u1eddng PO<\/th>\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\nM\u00e3 s\u1ed1 OE \/ xe \/ tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c sau \/ tr\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i (n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/td>\nC\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t th\u1eb3ng, c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u00d7 chi\u1ec1u cao; l\u1ed7 khoan \u00d7 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m (PCD)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb MIN TH \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u tr\u00ean r\u00f4to<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Runout \/ DTV<\/td>\n\u22640,05 mm LRO \/ \u22640,015 mm DTV (ho\u1eb7c theo th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/td>\nGang x\u00e1m, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 theo th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn; h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon cao n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh h\u00e3ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7<\/td>\nM\u0169, m\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7; s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m phun mu\u1ed1i theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 9227.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Bao b\u00ec<\/td>\nH\u1ed9p ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1eb7t, m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 nh\u00e3n m\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
          \n
          \n

          13<\/span><\/p>\n

          \u0110\u0129a phanh d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 gara s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

          Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4 n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra<\/h3>\n
          \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          Ki\u1ec3m tra<\/th>\nT\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          Ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u1ee7 s\u00f3ng SKU<\/td>\nKho h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i r\u00f4to v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i xe trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Tham chi\u1ebfu ch\u00e9o<\/td>\nM\u1ed7i SKU ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 OE v\u00e0 m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, k\u00e8m theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Bao b\u00ec<\/td>\nC\u00e1c h\u1ed9p ri\u00eang l\u1ebb ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/td>\nC\u00e1c r\u00f4to \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ebd gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft l\u00e2u h\u01a1n khi c\u00f2n trong h\u1ed9p v\u00e0 tr\u00ean k\u1ec7.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          \u0110\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i<\/td>\nM\u00e3 s\u1ed1 linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

          \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng, r\u00f4to kh\u00e1 c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng gian tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u00e1 phanh.<\/p>\n

          \n

          X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u00e3y rotor t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t<\/p>\n

          \n
            \n
          1. Xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thanh l\u00fd r\u00f4to trong 12 th\u00e1ng qua theo m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n
          2. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fang theo k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u00d7 chi\u1ec1u cao) \u0111\u1ec3 xem k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 t\u00edch.<\/li>\n
          3. H\u00e3y d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n ch\u1ea1y, duy tr\u00ec s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n trung b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n ch\u1eadm theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n
          4. Ki\u1ec3m tra xem m\u1ed7i SKU trong kho \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u00e3 tham chi\u1ebfu ch\u00e9o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ghi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n
          5. B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n r\u00f4to n\u1eb1m ph\u1eb3ng trong h\u1ed9p, \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o v\u00e0 xoay v\u00f2ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u00f4to kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

            Vi\u1ec7c mua m\u00e1 phanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a phanh cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i xe c\u00f9ng l\u00fac c\u0169ng gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung h\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng phanh cho c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4<\/a> trang n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 bao b\u00ec nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n

            <\/div>\n

            Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa n\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra<\/h3>\n
            \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
            Ki\u1ec3m tra<\/th>\nT\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
            Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/td>\nX\u00e1c nh\u1eadn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a xe l\u00ean c\u1ea7u n\u00e2ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            V\u1ec7 sinh trung t\u00e2m<\/td>\nG\u1ec9 s\u00e9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5c b\u00e1nh xe g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Ch\u1ea1y h\u1ebft<\/td>\n\u0110o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u1eafn c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            Mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m<\/td>\nCh\u1ecdn m\u00e1 phanh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u0129a phanh v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng xe.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
            B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u01b0\u1eddng<\/td>\nT\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba rung \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

            \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u0129a phanh \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t. L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t moay \u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn l\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7n, si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u1ed1c b\u00e1nh xe theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng c\u1edd l\u00ea l\u1ef1c, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m, l\u1eafp m\u00e1 phanh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y r\u00e0. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng phanh cho c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/a> Trang n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang t\u00f4i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n rung \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

            \n
            \n

            14<\/span><\/p>\n

            C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 \u0111\u0129a phanh<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
            \n

            \u0110\u0129a phanh v\u00e0 r\u00f4to phanh c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nhau kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

            \u0110\u00fang v\u1eady. Trong c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 \u0111\u0129a phanh so v\u1edbi r\u00f4to, hai thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. "R\u00f4to" ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n \u1edf B\u1eafc M\u1ef9, trong khi "\u0111\u0129a phanh" ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

            \n

            M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe h\u01a1i c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau r\u00f4to?<\/h3>\n

            Xe c\u00f3 phanh \u0111\u0129a \u1edf c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n b\u00e1nh c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n r\u00f4to. Xe c\u00f3 phanh \u0111\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 phanh tang tr\u1ed1ng sau c\u00f3 hai r\u00f4to. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u00f4to ph\u00eda sau c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t tang tr\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf b\u00ean trong v\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n phanh tay.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

            \n

            \u0110\u0129a phanh c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd bao l\u00e2u?<\/h3>\n

            Nhi\u1ec1u r\u00f4to c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd kho\u1ea3ng 50.000\u201370.000 d\u1eb7m (80.000\u2013110.000 km), th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn hai b\u1ed9 m\u00e1 phanh, nh\u01b0ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xe, phong c\u00e1ch l\u00e1i xe, lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1 phanh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111o: \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u0111\u0129a (DTV) v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

            \n

            C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf m\u00e1 phanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u0129a phanh kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

            C\u00f3, n\u1ebfu r\u00f4to c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u, n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 rung l\u1eafc (DTV), v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u00e3nh s\u00e2u, v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng do nhi\u1ec7t. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, h\u00e3y m\u00e0i l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp m\u00e1 phanh m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

            \n

            Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng rung l\u1eafc \u0111\u0129a phanh?<\/h3>\n

            H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft rung \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u0129a phanh, th\u01b0\u1eddng do \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m, s\u1ef1 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1 phanh ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. G\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t moay \u1ed1c v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t \u1ed1c b\u00e1nh xe kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

            \n

            S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa r\u00f4to \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 r\u00f4to c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

            \u0110\u0129a phanh \u0111\u1eb7c l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u0129a m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng phanh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c sau. \u0110\u0129a phanh c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i g\u1ed3m hai t\u1ea5m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t \u1edf gi\u1eefa, gi\u00fap t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf tr\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i xe n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

            \n

            \u0110\u0129a phanh b\u1ecb r\u1ec9 s\u00e9t c\u00f3 c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

            L\u1edbp g\u1ec9 nh\u1eb9 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ebd bong ra sau v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n phanh. C\u00e1c r\u00f4to b\u1ecb r\u1ed7 s\u00e2u, bong tr\u00f3c, \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c m\u00e1 phanh ho\u1eb7c g\u1ec9 s\u00e9t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp tr\u1ee5c b\u00e1nh xe c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0i l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

            \n

            C\u00f3 n\u00ean thay th\u1ebf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u0129a phanh c\u00f9ng l\u00fac kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

            V\u00e2ng. \u0110\u0129a phanh c\u00f3 b\u00e1n theo c\u1eb7p kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, nh\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i thay th\u1ebf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u0129a phanh tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean phanh \u0111\u1ec1u nhau v\u00e0 xe kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

            \n
            \n

            15<\/span><\/p>\n

            L\u1eddi k\u1ebft<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n

            Vi\u1ec7c r\u00f4to thay th\u1ebf c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi xe v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u00e1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/p>\n

            Lo\u1ea1i r\u00f4to + k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc + t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t + \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y + \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m + l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/div>\n

            N\u1ebfu ch\u1ecdn sai k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u00f4to s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u1eafp v\u1eeba. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecf qua \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m, xe s\u1ebd b\u1ecb rung gi\u1eadt. H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c xe v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ghi r\u00f5 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u1ebb b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

            N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ho\u1eb7c xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m r\u00f4to, h\u00e3y g\u1eedi cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh h\u00e3ng (OE), m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf, m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c danh s\u00e1ch mua h\u00e0ng Excel c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c r\u00f4to, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u00e3 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 danh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

            G\u1eedi danh s\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n